A critical review on the key issues and optimization of agricultural residue transportation

In recent years, residue-to-energy utilization has become an important energy source that can alleviate the reliability of fossil fuel, and agricultural residue (AR) transportation great potential for optimization in AR supply chain. However, various methods presented make their correct implementation difficult sustainable optimization. Therefore, four key issues bioenergy production have been thoroughly reviewed: (i) distribution cropland, (ii) estimation distance, (iii) variability vehicle arrangements, (iv) (de)centralized patterns. This review several findings. To begin with, land cover classification method with remote sensing technology is suggested to locate AR, thereby being helpful facilitates decision-making Second, electronic navigator applications (Google Maps or Baidu Maps) are recommended distance estimation, manipulating R provided. Third, selection bias would bring gaps, so a database required satisfy local needs. And finally, requirement pretreatments brokers’ participation affect decision The findings technical details discussed especially useful researchers project investors who intend reduce cost future, developing counties. · on reviewed. Land be used resource cropland. Google applied estimate provide optimal travelling routes. Variability arrangements identified. Transportation brokers' influence